Chapple "Soviet Satire of the 1920s"

Wants to categorize the factors that lead to Soviet satire in the 1920s and how it develped from the revolution to the introduction of Socialist Realism. v

Influence on the 1920s came from Gogol and SShchedrin. 2

Different groups of satirists - War communism, NEP and first 5 year plan. 2

The period of NEP especially did not focus in on utopias and WE is a notable exception. The felling is that the reception of WE discouraged some writers and the chaos of the revolution and the time was enough and better fodder than looking ahead.

Fellow Travelor and Emigres satirists and defined 3

The archetypes of satire were largely already in existance from the past satire. 6 There were some dos and don'ts despite the relative freedom after years of censorship from the tsar. he makes a list of the apporoprite vices in socity to satyrize. they tended to be generalized to a type rather than specificly at a person. 6

Satire from names was common as in Bulgakov. 7 physicality too. Very Gogolian

Moral standards and truth seekers are often involved. 8

Living conditions were commonly used 9

Soviet terms started to be used as early as War com. 10

Satire from Gogol's time was interested in the social question.12

The groundwork that started during War communism is what flourished during NEP13

Longer works started to replace the shorter ones. 14

Writers started concerning themselves with the contmeporry world and less with the past in NEP. 15Focus on the contemp showed that people were coming to grips with the lack of utopia that was promised and they saw it for what it was. 15

Soviet satire could not exist as the decade wore on because their must be an antagonist and there was no class antagonism then it was defunt. 16

Bulgakov as fellwo travelor and Dog's heart on the revolution. 23

Bitterness in satire started to replace the humor. 24

The revolution's effect on the people and society in satire. 25

Difference between the proregime satirists and the fellow travelors and emegres. 28 The FT claimed that the people didn't know what was happening and they rarely saw a difference. 29

They said that things did not change and that the people would not change either. 30

Connections between Gogol and Bulgakov in Chichikov. 32

Poverty remained as a symbol that not much had changed. 33

FT on War communism and deprivation 34 Proregime satirists were harder on the Whites and the old power structures. 34

Mayakovsky was a big one for satirizing the Whites and the Entente nations. 40

Satire on Communism tended to include stereotypes, not people. 40

The iron communist even started to be a caricature in a leather jacket-olesha. 42 but the zamyatin machine is also common. 43

Conclusion - Satire of the revolution was crude and Bulgakov and Zamyatin are best examples of good satire. 50

Satirists mocked those that emigrated for following their cozy exploitative ways to paris. 51

After 1924-25 the most written about theme switched from the revolution to everyday life. 59

The housing shortage was common. 60, 63 Zoschenko wrote much on this.

Bulgakov wrote from the otherside of this by exposing the rich that held on to their apts. 61

Zoikina Kvartira Bulgakov 63

Lack of money, inflation and Zoschenko. 65

Poor quality of goods. 66

Theft and Hoologanism 67

Zoschenko and bathhouses 68

Renaming of streets for Revolutionary names and soviet vocab 70

Marriage houses and Zoschenko 71

The theater as mixing of classes 71

Red Tape 71, 72,73

Employment and Red tape 74

Purges and self criticism as a way to save yourself 75

Embezzelers 76

Bureacrat 77

NEP bureaucrat 78, and Zoikina 79

NEP 82 Zosch, Mayako 83,84

Nepman and speculation 85

Philistinism as an extention of gogol or as always having been there, but simply not given enough room in War communism. He prospered in NEP because the conditions were ripe.

Englishmen and the english 87 imperialism 88, 89

capitalists 90

Toward the French 91-94

America and capitalist 95-99

Mayakovsky and America 99

Other nations 100

Religion 104

New religion of Science and Mayakov 107-111

Hooliganism as a result of nep 112

Drinking and the illiterate and the antisemite 114,115

satirizing the other literary camps 116

the proletarian poem 120

Satire of censorship 123

of Gorky 126

Overly ornate and incomprehensible theater for the masses. Meyerhold, the futurist were ridiculed by Ilf and petrov. Mayakov was spared, but not futurist. 128

Into the 1930s. 129

Government involvement in the arts and the first 5 year plan are the end of Satire 129

Union of Soviet Writers gets rid of FT. 130

Master and M 133, 134, 139-142 and religion

Ilf and P and the west and America 135, 137