Blejwas "Realism in Polish politics"

Chapter 1
The question for Poland was whether to continue with the means that didn't work time and again, that is the armed insurection, or to start to work oranically to end the oppression. 4 Organic work had political overtones in the years after the third partition. 23 Many sought a new definition of independence in Poland.
Chapter 2
The first theories of organic work influenced the Warsaw positivist movement by Jozef Supinski. he was familiar with the writings of Auguste comte. 25 Had theories for a bloodless conquest by bringing the polish nation higher through liberalism. he wanted to free the peasants and to get the lazy gentry to work for agriculture and to come up with new ideas for the betterment of Poland. 26
Chapter 3
Romanticism and the other old policies that glorified nationalism and "the Christ of Nations" had to be rethought. affect on Jews in Warsaw and in the Pale. 59 Rejection of romanticism and the look to English liberalism to replace it. 68 Buckle as the beginning of the search for a new world idea to replace romanticism. 70 The beginnings of the term positivism used to describe the Polish movement. 71 Polish positivism. 72 Supinski's theories are revisted. 73 Literary journals for domestic growth - weekly review. 76 The journal against the gentry's habits. 79 Positivists agisnt romanticism. 83 Literature. 84 Swientochowski as Positivist. 85
Chapter 4
Peasants new emancipation at the heart of the early P movement. 89 Attempt to help the uneducated peasants through the clergy. 90 Turn to agrairian education first. 91 Attempts to get the gentry to work for the peasants, though they figured the peasants would always be peasants. 92 Work was at the heart of the Positivist movement. 94 need to keep the bourgiouse at the heart of the future of Poland. 96 Knowledge is power. 97 Education is key. 99 Jews were foreign, but should become a larger part of Poland. 99 female emancipation. 101 education for women. 102 Secularization of society. 104 A national idea. 105 Shortcoming of P. 107
Chapter 6
Prus began to satirize the ideas of the P. 109 Industrialization made the scions of business the leaders in the things wished for y the P. 112 This made the P less relavent, but merely supporters of the economic changes that had been taking place from the top down. 114 Literature. 122 Prus. 122 He combined P with realism and naturalism. 123 The Doll. 124 The realities of the changing world for the positivists. 125
Chapter 7
P as a political movement. 135 P as moving away from Comte. 138 Pravda polish newspaper as a step toward politics. 139 Emphasis of internal educational development in sujugation. 142 143 144 National survival first. 145
Chapter 8
The end begins for PP. 147 148 Socialism builds. 148 Socialism upholds the workers and rejects the bourgiouse and the harmonious world espoused by the P. 150 Swientochovski rejects socialism. 150 151 Positivists fight back agaisnt the internationalism and non-nationalism in Poland. 159 P find out their world is crumbling. 161 162 Literature by P for the workers. 164 Prus on P. 168 169 Socialist react to Prus. 169 Socialism and P alike. 172 P rejected because it rejected antagonizing the tsar. 174
Chapter 9
Positivism was given a new spin in the attempts to keep it alive and rejected the optimism of prus. Anti-semetism was also growing. 175 There also began a new growth of poeple looking to actively gain independence from Russia. 178 The growing problems that the working class faced and the growing nationalims did not help the P cause. 180 Glos and anti P journal began and although it agreed with P in many ways it was agianst it in others. P was pro capitalist, and didn't seek out the peasants. 183 P was a-political which didn't help it as the world changed and became embroiled in socialism. 185 Swientochovski started writing against capitalsm and gave up on organic work. 186 187
Conclusions
Comte's philosphy 189 Polish Positivism 190 191
Afterword
Why are the P relavent? 194 Why it failed? 206